Anal Fissure

An anal fissure is a small tear or cut in the lining of the anal canal, which is the passage through which stool passes during bowel movements. It is a common condition that can cause discomfort and pain, particularly during and after bowel movements.

Signs and symptoms of an anal fissure may include:

1. Pain during bowel movements: The most common symptom of an anal fissure is intense pain or discomfort during and after passing stool. The pain is often described as sharp and may last for a few hours after a bowel movement.

2. Bright red blood in stool: An anal fissure can cause bleeding, resulting in the presence of bright red blood on the surface of the stool or on toilet paper after wiping. The blood is typically seen in small amounts and is usually not mixed with the stool.

3. Itching and irritation: The area around the anal fissure may become itchy and irritated due to the constant exposure to stool and the sensitivity of the torn skin.

4. Spasm of the anal sphincter: The anal sphincter muscle, which controls the opening and closing of the anus, may go into spasm in response to the pain and inflammation caused by the fissure. This can further increase pain and discomfort.

5. Painful bowel movements: The pain experienced during bowel movements can lead to a fear of passing stool, resulting in constipation and further exacerbating the condition.

6. A visible tear or crack: In some cases, an anal fissure may be visible upon visual examination. It may appear as a small tear or crack in the skin around the anus.